Analyzing Terms of Use Adoption in SSI Digital Wallets: A Review of Current Implementations

Stefano Bistarelli, Chiara Luchini and Francesco Santini
Proceedings of the 7th Distributed Ledger Technologies Workshop (DLT2025), Pizzo (VV), Calabria, Italy, June 9-14, 2025.

Abstract

The landscape of digital identity is undergoing a profound transformation, shifting from centralized architectures to user-centric and decentralized models such as Self-Sovereign Identity (SSI ). SSI has demonstrated its applicability in domains such as healthcare and education, offering enhanced autonomy and data protection through technologies such as Verifiable Credentials (VCs). In parallel, regulatory frameworks such as the European Union’s eIDAS 2.0 have accelerated the development of interoperable digital identity solutions, notably the European Digital Identity Wallet (EUDIW ), aligning with the principles of SSI. Despite this progress, most existing SSI wallet implementations remain focused on individual users, lacking essential features for organizational contexts. In this study, we address this gap by conducting a systematic secondary review of the current landscape of industrial digital wallets, assessing their implementation of the Terms of Use (ToU ) field. Our paper aims to inform the development of digital wallets tailored to enterprises and governments in SSI ecosystems.